"Eleventh Five-Year" bearing industry product development focus

During the "Eleventh Five-Year", bearing product development focus is mainly focused on the host supporting bearings and high-tech bearings.

     A focus on host supporting agricultural bearings

① automotive bearings: focus on the development of a new generation of high-end cars with wheel load bearing, water pump bearing, clutch release bearings, air-conditioning compressor bearings, constant velocity joints and heavy-duty truck axle bearings.
② motorcycle bearing: focus on the development of import substitution, export expansion motorcycle bearing.
③ household appliances bearing: focus on the development of household appliances with low-noise motor bearings.
④ railway vehicles bearing: focus on the development of quasi-high speed railway passenger cars, locomotives bearing and speed railway wagons bearing.
⑤ metallurgical and mining machinery marine crane bearing  focus on the development of plate mill roller bearings, bearing backing and high-speed wire rod mill bearings.
⑥ petrochemical machinery bearings: focus on the development of deep drilling rig, harsh offshore rig driller and bearings.
⑦ motor bearings: focus on the development of medium and large-scale low-noise motor bearings.
⑧ machine tool bearings: focus on the development of various types of CNC machine tool spindle, spindle machining center with precision bearings.
⑨ engineering machinery bearings: focus on the development of construction machinery with a long life, high reliability, cylindrical, conical and spherical roller bearings.
⑩ export bearings: focus on the development of high-tech, high value-added, access to foreign markets bearings.

Market analysis precision machine tool bearings

     Statistics show that in 2002 China's high speed bearing industry, the annual output of 2.8 billion units of various types of bearings, which, P5 grade precision bearings 62,364,000 units, P4 Extra Precision 729 000 units. Annual sales of products bearing the used machine tool manufacturing industry has 33 million sets.

     Analysis of market distribution in 2002 domestic precision machine tool bearings, precision machine tools for various types of P5 and above-bearing approximately 1.5 million units, which is used by about half of the machine tool spindle bearings and ball screws. P4 and above-grade super-precision bearings and paired bearings (mainly referring to the spindle bearings and ball screw bearings) about 15 million units.

     According to the machine tool industry, "15" planning objectives, to 2005, the annual output of 20 metal processing machines to 22 million units, including CNC machine tools to 3 to 3.5 million units (2003 CNC machine tools production and sales have exceeded 300 million units ), accounting for 15% of total production, domestic machine tool market share of 60 to 65%. As in recent years, the rapid development of China's machine tool industry, to 2005, the annual production of metal processing machines certainly more than the machine tool industry, "fifteen" planning objectives, in addition, with the development of modern machine tools to high-speed, high efficiency, composite direction, precision machine tools with precision miniature ball bearings capita will increase dramatically. Taking into account the huge transformation tools and repair market, the analysis and calculation predicts that in 2005 total of metalworking machine tools supporting the more than 50 million sets of bearings, P5 and above-grade precision bearings around 300 million units, of which approximately 1.5 million units for machine tools and a ball screw spindle. These bearings are larger amount of deep groove ball bearings, angular contact ball bearings, cylindrical roller bearings, angular contact thrust ball bearings and tapered roller bearings.

     Ball bearing spindle bearings and precision control as machine parts, P4 level and above super-precision bearings and bearing paired proportions and will greatly increase in the proportion of 20% by 2002 up to 2005 of 40% to 50% so, a total of about 700,000 units.

     In addition to psychological factors and branding, technical performance and reliability of the bearings are machine customers to choose the main bearings. If the technical indicators and reliability levels of domestic super precision bearings and bearings can be quite the next two years the market has great potential.

     To this end, the major domestic machine tool bearings supporting enterprises, such as: , Bearing Group Corporation, has begun to accelerate the pace of technological innovation, increase capital in processing conditions, testing methods, matching technology and reliability research investment, the main models of the small group of trial products and some types of mass-produced products have reached the international advanced level, import substitution is only a matter of time and scale of the problem.

     Although foreign precision machine tool self aligning roller bearings  excellent performance, high reliability, but there are expensive, long delivery times, service lag and other issues. In addition, the accuracy rating of P2-level super-precision bearings, are cutting-edge technology, these products are also classified as foreign to the country of export restrictions column. Domestic bearing production enterprises should seize the opportunity of rapid development of China's machine tool market, scale, accuracy, improve the stability of product quality, to meet the machine tool industry for bearing accuracy, high speed, low noise, high reliability, strict requirements At the same time, improve their own R & D capability, processing capacity, distribution networks and other comprehensive competitiveness.

   

Machine tool industry demand for bearings

     Rolling use on the machine is mainly used for the following three parts: spindle, ball screw and general drive shaft.

     Machine tool spindle angular contact ball bearing as the basis for spare parts, its performance directly affects the speed of the machine, rotary precision, rigidity, resistance to cutting chatter vibration, noise, temperature and thermal deformation, thereby affecting the accuracy, surface quality of machined parts and so on. Therefore, the performance of the machine must be equipped with a high-performance bearings.

     Accuracy of rolling bearings is generally divided into P0, P6, P5, P4 and P2 five grades for the accuracy of precision machine tool spindle bearings should be P5 level and above, and for CNC machine tools, machining centers and other high-speed, high-precision machine tools spindle bearing, you need to choose P4 and above the level of ultra-precision high precision ball bearings.

     Machine tool spindle bearings typically include deep groove ball bearings, angular contact ball bearings, cylindrical roller bearings, angular contact thrust ball bearings, tapered roller bearings and thrust bearings and other six kinds of structure types.

     With the rapid development of numerical control technology, "complex, high-speed, intelligent, sophisticated, green" has become the main trend of the machine tool industry technology development. Among them, the high-speed processing can improve the machining efficiency and shorten the processing cycle of the workpiece. This requires the spindle and its associated components to adapt to the needs of high-speed machining. Currently, the CNC machine tool spindle bearings are basically limited angular contact ball bearings, cylindrical roller bearings, angular contact thrust ball bearings and tapered roller bearings and other types of four structures.

     With the CNC machine tool spindle to speed the development of ceramic materials (mainly Si3N4 ceramic works) due to having low density, high elastic modulus, thermal expansion coefficient, wear resistance, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, excellent performance, making it manufactures high-speed ideal material for precision bearings. Ceramic bearings are more widely used, given the difficult process of ceramic materials, precision ceramic bearing rolling elements are mostly ceramics, chrome steel inner and outer rings still manufactured hybrid ceramic ball bearings.

     As a precision ball screw, efficient and sensitive transmission components, should be used in addition to high-precision screw, nut and ball, we must also pay attention to the choice of the axial stiffness, friction torque, high running accuracy of the bearing. Ball bearing used in the past two-way thrust angular contact ball bearings, tapered roller bearings, needle roller and thrust roller bearings, deep groove ball bearings and thrust ball high precision bearings  Currently, ball bearing using the most is the contact angle of 60 ° single row angular contact ball bearings and precision to P4 and above grade level is based.

     Rolling general machine tools installed in the drive shaft, the requirements and selection and general machinery drives bearing the same, just to meet the strength and durability requirements, speed does not exceed the speed limit can be specified in the bearing.

     Under normal circumstances, we mentioned refers to the machine bearing spindle bearings and ball screw bearings, precision machine tool bearings refers to the accuracy level above P5 and P5 screw spindle bearings and bearings.

China's bearing machine tool industry status and development trend

Machine tool industry as an important part of the machinery and equipment industry, plays an important role in the development of the entire national economy. Overall, from the industry, China's machine tool industry is currently in the best since 1992 development period, showing a shortage of good market situation. Especially since 1999 has entered a new growth for a long time, China's ferris wheel bearing tool industry output growth year after year, constantly adjusting product structure, increasing product quality. The following table since 1999, the output value of machine tool industry, metal cutting machine tool production, the growth in production of CNC metal cutting machine tools:
From a global perspective, China's machine tool consumption in 2002 compared with 2001 growth of 20.0%, accounting for the proportion of the world's total machine tool consumption rose from 13.6 percent to 19.2 percent, jumped from fourth in the world to first.
Meanwhile, in the case of the domestic machine tool industry production and management continue to maintain good momentum this year, China's machine tool imports also continued to grow, until the end of September, according to customs statistics, China's vertical mill bearing tool imports reached 2.96 billion yuan, increase of 35% over last year. Moreover, some well-known international companies have wholly-owned, joint ventures, etc. entering the country, the use of cheap labor costs and a variety of favorable conditions to seize the Chinese market. This fully shows that the machine is now modern manufacturing industry in international competition has gradually into the Chinese hinterland. China will continue to maintain its position as the world's first importer and consumer countries.

     Although in recent years, China's machine tool industry has made great progress, but in the current domestic and international machine tool market is extremely competitive situation, China's machine tool industry is even less competitive, mainly in the country is also a big consumer machine not machine power, but the machine has a large amount of low-level, product mix is still lagging behind, product innovation ability, machine reliability to be improved and so on.

     The level of the world's machine tool manufacturing concentrated expression in the development of CNC machine tools, production capacity, CNC machine tools has become a mainstream manufacturing equipment, a country has the number of CNC machine tools, the level has become the measure of a country's comprehensive strength, an important sign . To achieve our transformation from a big country for machine tool production powerhouse goal, we must accelerate the pace of adjustment, increase new product development efforts. For this reason, the machine tool industry, "15" plan proposes to focus on the development of CNC machine tools, thus boosting the industry to improve the overall level. Total goals formulated as follows: the 2005 National wind power bearing production to reach 25,000 to 30,000 units, the output value reached 65 to 70 billion, CNC machine tool market share reached 50% (by value). From the current situation, expected 2003 production target ahead of schedule.

Why China's high-precision bearings specifically import surge?

Related hot search term: Bearings Railway Bearings wheel bearings computer bearing mute bearing

In recent years, China's industry, especially the rapid development of the machinery industry. In 2002 the national industry average growth rate of 18.90 percent, 23.39 percent growth machinery industry. Eight categories of major machinery products to create the best pace of development since the founding, where vehicle production 3.477 million, an increase of 38.45% over 2001; the internal combustion engine 284 million kW, an increase 38.33%; metal cutting machine tools 232,000 units, up 19.15 percent. While precision spindle bearings industry is also developing rapidly, but still lagging behind the national industry and machinery industry. Especially focusing host supporting bearings relative lack of supply capacity, resulting in bearing imports soared.

Terms of production volume, China has a spindle bearing producing countries, but also far from bearing an industrial power. At present, varieties and specifications of products bearing a total of about 150,000 in the world, but China can only produce more than 20,000. In China's annual production of various types of bearings in common in the low end bearing account for more than 80%, all kinds of special, precision, high reliability, high-tech, high value-added products bearing account for only about 20%. And China's annual import large quantities of precisely this kind of bearing.

Industry experts point out that the existence of manufacturing standards with the international advanced level of products bearing a considerable gap, mainly in the performance, life and reliability. Such as the level of precision deep groove ball bearings Although quite close to the international advanced level, but there are still "two low and one poor", that is, low level of technology products (less variety, inconsistent quality, poor reliability, technology open to weak ), the low level of product manufacturing (process and equipment behind) and poor international market competitiveness. Such as railway bearings, a foreign country is 800,000 km of life, and we have only 500,000 km. At present, China can provide part of the quasi-high speed railway bearings, but all rely on imports of high-speed railway bearings. In addition there is a second generation, third generation wheel bearings, precision bearings drive computer hardware and software, mute motor bearings, etc., technology development capabilities are quite weak, low product quality and level of development can not meet the needs of the host.

At present, China's annual imports of ball and roller combined bearing as reached about 10 million units, but will also increase year by year, that share a considerable part of the host country support and maintenance markets fell into the others mouth. A piece of "cheese" Although tempting, but we lack the strength to share. To change this situation, industry experts believe that companies must change the current situation alone, together, focus on the integration of industry resources, technical resources, and enhance the overall strength. While continuing to strengthen the joint venture with the world's leading companies, the introduction of technology to improve the level of technology.

Angular contact ball bearing

* Angular contact ball bearings have a contact angle between rings and balls, standard contact angle of 15 °, 30 ° and 40 °
* The larger the contact angle the greater the axial load capacity * smaller the contact angle is more conducive to high-speed rotation * single row bearings can bear radial load and axial load combinations * DB, DF combination and double row angular contact ball bearing can withstand radial to load and axial load * DT combination applies larger axial load, less than the rated load bearing single occasion * high speed ball bearing with ACH small diameter ball a few more, mostly for machine tool spindle * angular contact ball bearings for high-speed and high-precision rotation * on the back of a combination of the two structures for single row angular contact ball bearing inner and outer rings, can bear radial load and axial load bearing * No filling slots have sealed the main applicable Cage:
* Pressed steel cage (separate bowl ...; S-shaped, crown-shaped double row ...)
* Copper alloy or phenolic resin cutting cage, synthetic resin forming cage main purposes:
* Single row: spindle, high frequency motors, gas turbines, centrifuges, small car front wheel, the differential pinion shaft * double row: pump, blower, air compressor, various types of transmission, fuel injection pump, Printing Machinery * Four-point contact ball bearings can bear radial load and axial load * single bearings can be replaced, or a combination of the back of a positive combination of angular contact ball bearings * applies to bear pure axial load or axial load larger synthetic ingredients * loads in any direction when such bearings can withstand axial load can form one of the contact angle (α), so the rings and balls always * at any point of contact with a contact line duplicitous mainly used to maintain frame:
Cutting copper alloy cage main purposes:
Aircraft jet engines, gas turbines.

Precautions precision bearing configurations

1. This type of spindle is usually passed through a pulley or gear drive torque. This means that the load on the drive end of the spindle is also quite large. Such applications for speed is not too high, more important parameter is the stiffness and load carrying capacity.
2. In order to improve the accuracy of the actual mating bearing installation, you must not make use of measurement methods and tools bearing deformation of the precision spindle bearings bore and outer dimensions of the actual mating surface precision measurements can be related to inner and outer diameters All measurement items to be measured, and the measured data to make a comprehensive analysis on this data, the precision worthy of the shaft and housing bore bearing mounting portion sizes.
3. take a small circle on the fixed interference fit condition to match the shape of the surface of both sides have high accuracy and less roughness, or cause installation problems and disassembling harder, also need to consider the thermal elongation of the spindle.
4. Note to match the mechanical fine Italian secret if it is not bearing the above requirements, often makes precision bearings occur several times larger than the original bearing error after installation, or even 10 times more errors completely ceases precision bearings, because to match the mechanical error is often not simply superimposed on the bearing error, but in an enlarged after different multiple additions.
5. Turn the accuracy requirements are not the same value, the product of its high level of accuracy precision rotation (inner diameter of the beating, the outer diameter of the beating, the side facing the raceway runout, etc.) value lower than the accuracy level of product requirements to be strict.
6. iso precision bearings in accordance with the classification criteria are divided into:. P0, p6, p5, p4, p2 successively higher grades, where p0 is the general accuracy of the other grades are precision level. Of course, different classification criteria, different types of bearings, their method for classifying different, but the meaning is same.

Precision bearings is the future direction of miniature bearings

Miniature bearings are generally used with the host supporting industries, including the automotive, appliance, medical equipment and other industries, the development of related industries will drive the demand of the industry.

China's auto market in recent years has maintained a trend of rapid growth, from car ownership per capita household income, per capita car ownership and other factors to consider, cars still in the incremental market, not into the stock market. According to Prospect Industrial Research Institute released "Chinese precision spindle bearings manufacturing industry sales demand forecast 2015-2020 and upgrade analysis report" shows that the automotive industry is still holding period of high growth, future growth of not less than 15%.
With the miniaturization of electric car process, the corresponding components of products is increasing. Thus, car-related components market will continue to expand. Automotive bearings of the development, will focus on safety, improve efficiency and reduce harmful substances. Car radiator cooling fan motor, wiper motor, exhaust gas recirculation system (EGR) valve frame and anti-lock braking system (ABS) as the representative of the pump motor and its application system is the main application field of miniature bearings.

In particular ABS spindle bearing, in the 1980s, is used only for luxury cars, after which advance to the direction of miniaturization and popularity as an important product safety measures, from the mid-1990s began expanding use. At present, the development of the multi-purpose vehicle spindle, safety direction, not only for the use of ABS brakes intermittently control, but also with sensors to monitor driving conditions even move to a different drive wheel braking force all around, from the overall control safe driving. The future development trend of miniature bearings such a system is upgraded ABS system, different manufacturers have different product names such as ESC, EPS, VSC and so on.
Development of the ABS system is a typical example of the development of automotive-related products. Miniature bearings future with the increasing safety and environmental requirements, will derive many new applications. Bearing market targeting hybrid and electric cars will try to create a new type of automobile-related products. In this development, the field of miniature bearings involved will continue to expand its precision will continue to increase, with the continuous development of China's auto industry, a huge space for development of domestic enterprises.

Market size of China's home appliance industry has expanded each year, the growth rate has declined in recent years, prospective Industry Research Institute expects the market size of China's home appliance industry will continue to expand year by year.
Appliances with miniature bearings representative products are vacuum cleaners and air conditioners motor bearings, mainly the outer diameter of 22mm motors. Vacuum cleaner is characterized by its number of revolutions of the motor up to 4-5 million revolutions / min, and 100 000 turn / min motor has also been used to market a large number of sales of vacuum cleaner. The air conditioner is a long time in the device for indoor use, low noise high demands. Currently there is a problem, the power lead to galvanic corrosion between the inner and outer ring of the bearing, the solution is to use only non-conductive ceramic balls, which will enhance the miniature bearings used in home appliance technology.

In recent years, the market size of China's medical device industry to maintain rapid growth. Prospect Industrial Research Institute expects China's medical device industry will maintain a growth rate of over 20%.
In medical devices, bearings use also involves many aspects, mainly for artificial dialysis blood pump, drug infusion pump, ventilator air pump and other equipment. These devices use the pillow in bed, it must be low-noise processing. An extreme example is the use of dental dentist drill, drill 40-50 ten thousand revolutions per minute, the doctor at the treble stimulus is hard to bear. Medical device bearing a major issue is that the bearing of the drug and the acid corrosion resistance, which is a subject of the bearing material can not be separated.

From the above applications bearing the future development trend shows, miniature bearings are mainly towards sophisticated, bass and other direction, so the future direction of development of precision bearings. Given the wide range of precision bearing applications, the development of all walks of life of the bearing accuracy, performance, reliability and other aspects of life and the increasingly high demand, the number of required more and more. However, domestic production of precision miniature bearings in is still the weak link, according to the statistics, since the rate of precision miniature bearings with only 40% of the domestic had to spend a lot of foreign exchange to import precision miniature bearings annually, of which the majority of high-speed electric main spindle bearings To rely on imports. In recent years, China's domestic machine tool industry, the automobile industry has developed rapidly, to adapt to the needs of product upgrades and import substitution, our precision miniature bearings market prospects.